1-2sin^2(a)+sin^4(a)/1-2cos^2(a)+co s^4(a)

[tex]\displaystyle\tt\boxed{\cos^2\alpha+\sin^2\alpha=1} \frac{1-2\sin^2\alpha+\sin^4\alpha}{1-2\cos^2\alpha+\cos^4\alpha}=\frac{(1-\sin^2\alpha)^2}{(1-\cos^2\alpha)^2}=(\frac{\cos^2\alpha}{\sin^2\alpha})^2=(ctg^2\alpha)^2=ctg^4\alpha[/tex]

s=(a1+an)*n/2

an   в данном случае a6

a6=a1+d(n-1)=-6+4(6-1)=14

s=(-6+14)*6/2=24

1) а^2-4a+a-4-( а^2-4a+4)= а^2-4a+a-4- а^2+4a-4=a-8

2)(5a-3b)(5a+3b)   /   (3b-5a)^2= -(5a+3b) /   3b-5a= 5a+3b /  5a-3b

3)9*2-2*4+1=11

4)(3^-6   *   3^-6)   / (3^-8   *   3^-8)=3^-12   /   3^-16 = 3^16 / 3^12= 3^4= 81