1for questions 1-15, read the text below and decide which answer, a, b, c or d, best fits each space. 
8.1 the rainforests
tropical rainforests are (0) found   in regions where there is a ( rainfall and the climate is hot and steamy. it is impossible to (2) the beauty of rainforests on film or describe it to someone who has never been to one. 
the amazon rainforest   is the oldest and largest forest (3) in the world.
it is also the richest and most (4) containing millions of species, half of which have not yet been (5) by scientists.   a (6) of forest in the amazon may contain 250 or more tree species, (7) dozen in any acre of woods in the north eastern united states. about 1400 bird species have been (8) , while in the amazon river itself there are 2500 species of fish, (, eels and dolphins.  the (10) rainforests began in the 1950`s. trees were cut (11) use the wood to build houses, to (12) , to provide farmland and make room for roads. it has been (13) nearly half the world`s rainforests have been destroyed in fifty years.
  the united nations conference, (14)   in rio in 1992, laid principles for the protection of the environment and suggested that nations should take (15) to limit the damage done to rainforests.
0   a   located                                     b   found                                                 c   built                                       d   made
1   a   high                                                 b   tall                                                         c   large                                     d   huge
2   a   hold                                                 b   capture                                         c   create                                 d   do
3   a   section                                       b   place                                               c   field                                       d   area
4   a   different                                   b   various                                         c   varied                               d   distinct
5   a   kept                                                   b recorded                                   c   written                             d   explored
6   a   original                                       b   common                                 c   ordinary                         d   typical
7   a   compared with           b   opposed to                         c   objected to               d   opposite
8   a   researched                         b   invented                                   c   known                               d   identified
9   a   containing                           b   including                                 c   consisting                 d   comprising
10   a   ruin                                               b   destruction                         c   damage                         d   demolition
11 a up                                                         b   off                                                       c   down                                   d   in
12 a make                                             b   do                                                         c   construct                     d   build
13 a estimated                             b   considered                         c   valued                                 d   thought
14 a happened                             b   occurred                                 c   held                                           d   arranged
15 a moves                                         b   steps                                             c   movements               d   ways