Revision: use the required present or past forms in the following texts:

tom  (to whitewash)  the fence for some time when he  (to see)  jim coming out of the gate. jim  (to go)  to the town pump for-water. bringing water from the pump always  (to be)  hateful workj for tom, but it  (not to seem)  so now. tom  (to offer)  to fetch the: water instead of jim, but the latter  (to shake)  his head and  (fof  say)  that he  (to do)  this work so long that he  (to get)  used to it.  ​

it is not easy for me to get up early . an alarm clock wakes me up.yes, i do my morning exercise. i prefer a hot shower. i have porridge for breakfast. i listen to the latest news on the radio. i leave my house at 8 oclock. i work at academy. it takes  me 40 minutes to get to academy. i get there by car.

конкретный смысл имеют те, которые называют оменно тот предмет(та чашка, именно та вилка) а общий которые называют предметы вообще(девочка, лист)

все ваши предложения в прошедшем времени,поэтому используем past perfect passive.

they said the medicine had been prescribed by the doctor.

  he understood that the house had been robbed by the thieves.

  she said he had been seen the night before with a pretty girl in the club.

  he said that his walkman had been given to him by his mother as