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Greenhouse effect is the term for the role the atmosphere in warming
the earth's surface. The atmosphere is largely transparent to incoming
short-wave solar radiation, which heats the earth's surface. Much of this
radiation is reflected back Ьу gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone in the atmosphere. This heating effect is at the root
of the theories conceming global warming.
The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been increasing
Ьу 0.4 per cent а year because ofthe use offossil fuels such as oil, gas, and
coal. The cutting of tropical forests has also been а contributing factor in
the carbon cycle. Other gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect,
such as methane and halocarbons, are increasing even faster. The net effect of these increases could Ье а worldwide rise in temperature, estimated
at 2• to 6• С ( 4• to 11" F) over the next 100 years. Warming of this magnitude would alter climates throughout the world, affect crop production,
and cause sea levels to rise significantly. If this happened, millions of people would Ье badly affected Ьу flooding.
1. How is the surface of the Earth heated?
2. What gases reflect heat back in the atmosphere?
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3. Why is arnouпt of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increasiпg?
4. What will Ье а worldwide rise in ternperature in the next 100
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